From what I see, Sony is the only manufacturer currently offering a high end phone at a smaller size with the Xperia Compact line. Still 5 inches tall though.
I went from a Nexus 5 to a Sony Z3 Compact and haven't looked back. The form factor is so much more convenient, I really hope more manufacturers look at it again.
My one complaint with my Z3c is actually my dock, the magnetic pedestal design sucks. I've had to RMA seveal docks form Sony just to get one that worked most of the time. And even then, the magnet disengages and the power pins drop = no charging, which is an unwelcomed surprise in the morning. I've since moved to a magnetic cable and I'm much happier.
the Z5c is pretty tempting, but I'll admit the 6s+ is also tempting. I'm growing tired of Play Services killing my battery on a whim
The xperia compact series is an amazing line of phones, but also super fragile. I've destroyed two. both from "waist height" drops. Also, I couldn't find an otter box or other sufficiently protective case for it.
The touch screen is built in such a way that any small crack and half the screen or more stops accepting touch.
you want the Incipio case for it. Best I've found, works great.
I use the charging dock @ work, which requires taking the case on/off a couple times a day. I can attest to it not falling apart from use.
SHARP also makes compact high end phones. They seem to only sell them in Japan though - with the Aquos Crystal being the only time they tried in America recently. Unfortunately it's decidedly mid-range and tied to Sprint.